IMPROVING OF THE NEURODEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN WITH NEUROGENETIC PATHOLOGIES

In the study are analyzed several aspects concerning neurodevelopment of children till three years old with Down syndrome and fragile X syndrome(Martin-Bell syndrome) in the context of applying of medical resources (psychological and pedagogic). Scope of research consists in studying of development processof children with Down and Martin-Bell syndromes in fi rst three years of their life, using medical, psychological and pedagogic resources of amelioration. Material andmethods: Was studied a group of 168 children till three years old with Down (85 children) and Martin-Bell (83 children) syndromes. According to the age criterion,the 83 children with fragile X syndrome were distributed as follows: a) 0-1 year – 29 children; B) 1-2 years – 28 children; C) 2-3 years – 26 children. Th e childrenfrom each age group were divided approximately equally into two subgroups: the control group (C.G.) and the studying group (S.G.). Experimental research anddiagnosis was occurred in medical-genetic counseling in the Institute of Mother and Child and took place in three stages: A. identifying of target group, B. trainingand C. post training supervising. Th e statistical processing of the results was performed with nonparametric Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon tests. Results: Researchresults demonstrate persistence of severe retardation of children with Down syndrome in psycho-medical aspect, related to insuffi cient development of all psychicalprocesses and spheres. Psycho-physical retardation of children with Down syndrome is not so clear during fi rst year of life, comparing with normal children, due tobiological resources and to the inborn potential of individuals. Defi ciency of children with Down syndrome becomes more evident after the age of one-year-old. Cognitive-verbal behavior is most aff ected in children with Down syndrome, followed by psycho-motional and social-aff ective behaviors. Evaluating of the experimentalresults led to identifying individual-psychological features of children’s development till three years old with Martin-Bell syndrome. According to the experimentaldata, was demonstrated that these children have insuffi ciently developed mental processes as well as cognitive and emotional-volitional immaturity, while motility isless aff ected. Became clear that children with fragile X syndrome are recoverable, but they need recovery and correctional interventions to facilitate earlier subsequentrehabilitation. Conclusions: Development of psycho-motional sphere represents an important premise for achieving sustainable increasing of formation-developmentof other neuro-psychic spheres. Earlier applying of medical, psychological and pedagogical resources determines the success in rehabilitation and improvement ofdevelopment of children with Down and Martin-Bell syndromes. Increasing awareness and informing of families, parents and relatives of children with neurogeneticdiseases represents a relevant issue for facilitating the development process of these children.