This paper aims to identify the correlations between the psychotraumas from the early childhood and further development of mental illness in teenagers.This is a retrospective study conducted inside the Child & Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics in Cluj-Napoca. 83 subjects that are presented in this study were exposed to different psychotrauma , also the pathology developed after this was closely watched. Subjects were aged between 5 and 17 years. There were subjects excluded from this study, those who presented different forms of psychiatric comorbidity at the diagnosis of PTSD. All data presented in this study was performed using SPSS 20. Based on this , we observed that the most common psychiatric disorders that occurred in adolescents with psychotrauma history are the anxiety and depressive disorders.<\/p>\n
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Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ( PTSD ) is a severe condition that may develop when a person is exposed to one or more traumatic events. While, in DSM- IV, this disorder was included in anxiety disorders, in DSM -V it is included in a new chapter called Disorders caused by trauma and stress. (\u201cDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders\u201c). The exposure should result in one or more of the following scenarios, where the individual:<\/p>\n
Unlike DSM \u2013IV, diagnostic criteria in DSM-V establish a clear demarcation of the traumatic event. DSM -V pays more attention to behavioural symptoms that accompany PTSD and proposes four different diagnostic groups instead of three: re – experiencing, avoidance, negative changes in cognition and mood, increased arousal.<\/p>\n
Re – experiencing the traumatic event includes spontaneous memories, recurring dreams about it, flashbacks or other intense and prolonged distress.<\/p>\n
Avoidance refers to unpleasant memories, thoughts, feelings related to the traumatic event.<\/p>\n
Negative changes in cognitions refer to the ideas of self-blame, social withdrawal, decreased interest in activities, and the inability to remember key aspects of the traumatic event.<\/p>\n
Increased arousal is characterized by aggression, self-destructive behaviour, sleep disorders, relationship problems. (Iuliana Dobrescu, MD., PhD; Kaplan & Sadock).<\/p>\n
DSM-V only requires that a disruption should continue for more than a month to eliminate the distinction between acute and chronic phases of PTSD. DSM -V includes the addition of two subtypes: PTSD in children less than 6 years old and PTSD with predominantly dissociative symptoms (feelings of detachment from self or feelings where the world seems unreal or distorted, like in a dream).<\/p>\n
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This study aims to identify the relationship between the presence of posttraumatic stress disorder and subsequent occurrence of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents, in order to improve the methods of treatment of PTSD, and to prove the need for sustained, multidisciplinary therapy, in such cases.<\/p>\n
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The study is a retrospective one, performed in the archives of Clinic of Paediatric Psychiatry from Cluj- Napoca. The group consisted of 83 subjects (47 girls, 36 boys), aged 5-17 years. We followed all psychiatric assessments and admissions to Clinic of Paediatric Psychiatry of those subjects in the interval January 1993 – December 2008 (15 years). The criterion for inclusion was the fact that patients had a first PTSD and subsequently new diagnoses occurring during the interval mentioned above were pursued. Patients who had a history of psychiatric pathology before the diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder were excluded from the study.<\/p>\n
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The patients included in our study were from both urban (62 subjects – 74 % ) and in rural areas (21 subjects – 26% , background conditions being poor for 61 subjects (73.4%).<\/p>\n
The age distribution of the group at the time of diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder:<\/p>\n
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| Age (years)<\/td>\n | 4<\/td>\n | 5<\/td>\n | 7<\/td>\n | 8<\/td>\n | 9<\/td>\n | 10<\/td>\n | 11<\/td>\n | 12<\/td>\n | 13<\/td>\n | 14<\/td>\n | 15<\/td>\n | 16<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Number of patients<\/td>\n | 1<\/td>\n | 2<\/td>\n | 8<\/td>\n | 6<\/td>\n | 7<\/td>\n | 5<\/td>\n | 8<\/td>\n | 9<\/td>\n | 11<\/td>\n | 13<\/td>\n | 10<\/td>\n | 3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n The age distribution of the consignment upon occurrence of other psychiatric disorders:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n
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