THERAPEUTIC APPROACH TO A SPECIAL PATHOLOGY: HEAD INJURIES IN CHILDREN AGED BETWEEN 0 AND 3 YEARS

ALL Educational Publishing 2014 – 212 pages – no bibliography, translated from German: Brigitte Adelia Alteanu after the publication from 2013 – Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag in Munich.
The author has gathered information and explanations through which tries to present and demonstrate this terminology as a „breakthrough needed to medicine, psychology and psychiatry”.
Christina Berndt is a science journalist, she has studied biochemistry and she completed her PhD in Heidelberg.
The book „Resilience the secret of the psychic power. How do we become more resistant to stress, depression and mental exhaustion” broke all records in the sales charts in Germany in less than 2 years. So far this book has been translated into six languages. Half of the monography is devoted to descriptions and analyzes of multiple negative situations that evolve into chronic suffering emotional and psychopathological conditions as anxiety, depression, memory impairment and thinking, etc.
The author further states: „There are many explanations that claim that biochemical distress is reflected directly on the body, and the shedding of transmitters in the brain influences depression, permiting C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 1 and 6 to induce circulatory disorders risk chances for stroke „.
The author notes that all human suffering and mental challenges are processed by each person differently „some evolving toward negative states, others are strangely resistant”. These qualities of some children, youth and adults can’t be explained for long, but behold from selected examples, from people who were able to overcome the blows of fate has concluded that there is this resistance and mental endowment psychotrauma and distress.
With important human qualities such as self-knowledge, communication ability, achieveing social connections, self-consciousness, intelligence, rezistence to frustrations and the awareness that can create something alive – they were assembled and the concept of human resilience appeared .
Of course, in this book are many examples of children, adults, multideficient patients who hope to live, exceed suicidal ideation and live with the hope that will evolve positively as a strategy to survive and overcome the situations of distress. I can appreciate that resilience can be understood as psychospiritual human immunity.
The author gives examples of various forms of strength-toughness –constatate from children’s lives of children Kanai (Oceania), who adapt easily to stresful „conditions „ because of their alcoholics, aggressive parents. These children are genetically resilient, being pleasant, cheerful, friendly, accepting parents integrate gaming and social life, communicate easily with other children and adults.
After multiple examples of distress in childhood, the author explains and describes the quality of resistance to distress those small states as resilient, they will develop positively in life.
We find on page 63 a definition of resilience, which „is the ability to enter into personal relationships and gaining support for the benefit of individuals or institutions own ego – issues for which” some people do not have to do anything „special”. Children who have a friendly temperament, agile and open – so they have good relations of friendship and support- are those who use their skills fully.
Further the author appeals to explanation that argues that negative childhood and life experiences matures and forms mental strength, meaning resilience.
In the chapter „What happens in the brain?” the author appeals to explain neurobiological explainations – the main role it is held by the stress hormone (cortisol), which creates an initiation in the negative stimulus control of the family and the environment, while leading to resistance-resilience.

Genetic aspects

It is quoted KP Lesch, who found that in people there are different variants of serotonin transporters genes . In „daunting” form of resilience neurotic, anxios and sad personalities are formed.
Those with the „happy” gene have a positive development. The two variants of the gene 14 promoter regions may have sequences and variant sequences positive 16. These differences would have a „huge influence on the spiritual life.”
Thus, children with the short version of the serotonin transporter gene, have more frequently symptoms of depression in negative situations.
Long version of serotonin-transporter will carry thus mediating resistance against hostile conditions. Emmy Werner, South American pioneer in resilience research domain, assimilated these aspects of serotonin-transporter mediation gene with the possibility of being descendants of discouragement- gene, compared with long eyelashes, heirs of the serotonin transporter which would be equipped with „happiness gene”. This second genetic variant would make the existence of an advantage possible, as standard residential descendants. According to current knowledge, however, that only established genetic aspects not necessarily show a strong effect on mental strength if subjects were exposed to suffering distress. After psychiatrist Dean Kilpatrick „a good social network of family, friends and acquaintances can reduce or do away with the various negative feelings”.
In the chapter „gene-environment interactions” the controversy from previous years is recalled on character formation primacy: genes or socio-familialar take precedence?
This debate „Nature Versus Nurture” slowly became clear, that ‚both factors influence each other continuously and largely „. In the same measure is considered that research into the resilience cause (mental toughness) is „hereditary interaction (genes) -Environment, also with the situation „ most distress„.
Studies of mono and bivitelin twins brought clarification on the degree of influence that different genes or the environment have on psychiatric manifestations: toughness, aggression, behavior, intelligence, emotion. Frederich Losel said that „genes determine mental boundaries, manifestations, including resistors, but remains an area of the considerably game,” we can say that the same gene variant can have very different effects.
Depending on the environmental consequences of family, social, cultural, to that genes may be a child, a man so vulnerable or resilient.
Positive aspects of epigenetic gene changes that are plastic , were established by tracking: what they inherit from their parents and that our children can transmit different, that can be modified: modified genes by methylation positively or negatively, by -a mutation, genetic endowment can change resilience in offspring.
So I know that trough gene is transmitted to the newborn a state of resilience. After birth there is a new majeure force, that of trained : educational affective and relational relationship, so the communication skills of parents and entire social environment. From the first day after birth contribution and Quantum major relational parents. Also now the relations are favorable infants and young children is allowed to gradually solve the little problems around him. The conditions for normal development and cultivation cultivate resilience early and progressive.
Parents, caregivers, and staff should be aware that children overprotection and isolation relations have negative effects oscillation of psychosomatic purchases.
Resilience is a dynamic capacity „It helps to control and shape their own existence on the challenges and trials. Children and resilient people do not know in advance how they will go through a situation, but reactions have multiple cognitive ways, emotional and social to adapt to settle certain obstacles. „
The sociologist Brigid Daniel explains the three foundations of resilience by „I have, I am and Evrything”.
I have people who accept me and help me, I am a sympathetic and respectful pearson, generally I can handle and solve my problems. So any success is favored and resilience.
People can overcome resistant blows of fate, after that they can recover to development.
ow we can unite with the qualities of resilience and robustness mental elasticity. These qualities allow return and continue lifeline. We can say that whoever is resilient recover better after negative experiences after suffering acute psihotraumatice and can override consequences (PTSD) negative feelings disasters, accidents, assaults, various psychotrauma.
There are scales of resilience as: RS RS-13 or -25 with results that can determine the strength of the tested grades. With these tests it was established that all people have different degrees of resilience. These findings confirm gene-environment interactions, as a way of looking at existence resilience of Copping and mental strength. Now we understand that watching children „sensitive” (Children „orchid”) we can emphasize the measures of encouragement and guidance for positive thoughts and behavior. Currently there is a simple tablet resilience, but in the future we can form a coktal relationships between genes and environment. There is thus an inseparable puzzle between heredity and society, which operates continuously.
Educational issues were completed in the last 15-20 years. It was established the need to let the children free to meet life situations, knowing that education with all its cognitive, emotional, and social needs to be authoritative and children can be allowed to have negative experiences without overestimate the influence of family education „.
Parents, educators, and physicians will consider psihosociologiei that every child has the skills and brains need to trust in their own strength and abilities to know that is valuable and accept the changes. The author suggests that resilience principles to be introduced in the education of children- institutions that are positively influenced by attending nurseries than children who remained in the family. It opiniază for widening social contacts with the separation from the mother, it is countered overprotection („mămoşenia”).
The paper concludes with exciting chapter „Lessons for everyday life” in some we can be inspired today. The exhibits and the 10 paths resilience of the proposals that have been set Selibman psychologist Martin, who in 1960 founded the Positive Psychology:

1. Build different social relations;
2. Do not feel bad that problem intractable crises;
3. Accept the changes related to life;
4. Try to reach realistic goals;
5. Act decisively in the face difficulties to overcome them;
6. Prepare giving you positive ratings now and in the future;
7. Learn to look at the future positively;
8. Choose positive provisions psychiatric disorders, instead think of states of fear;
9. Wait for good events;
10. Cultivate positive own needs and feelings, be spiritual and joyful stay flexible;

The Journalist Cristina Bendt descriptions gathered information and documents about resilience and offered its readers news that a number of current psycho-social life. The text of this monograph lead to overlapping explanation and documentation concept of inherited mental strength, and / or learned during childhood and resilience.
For professional the materials are useful because we fill in some aspects, even systematize our relations with notions of resilience.